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Demystifying the Sacred: Blasphemy and Violence from the French Revolution to Today offers a much-needed analysis of a subject that historians have largely ignored, yet that has considerable relevance for today’s world: the powerful connection that exists between offences against the sacred and different forms of violence. Drawing on cases from revolutionary France to the Russia of Vladimir Putin, the international authors probe the nature and agency of local blasphemy accusations, the historical and legal framework in which they were expressed and the violence, both physical and symbolic, accompanying them. In doing so, the volume reveals how cultures of blasphemy, and related acts of heresy, apostasy and sacrilege, were a companion to or acted as a trigger for physical action but also a form of how violence was experienced. More generally, it shows the importance of religious sensibilities in modern society and the violent potential contained in criticism or ridicule of the sacred and secular alike.

HISTORY / Social History. --- Blasphemy. --- heresy. --- sacrilege. --- violence. --- Europe. --- Council of Europe countries --- Eastern Hemisphere --- Eurasia

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In the nineteenth century, the Russian Empire's Middle Volga region (today's Tatarstan) was the site of a prolonged struggle between Russian Orthodoxy and Islam, each of which sought to solidify its influence among the frontier's mix of Turkic, Finno-Ugric, and Slavic peoples. The immediate catalyst of the events that Agnes Nilufer Kefeli chronicles in Becoming Muslim in Imperial Russia was the collective turn to Islam by many of the region's Krashens, the Muslim and animist Tatars who converted to Russian Orthodoxy between the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries.The traditional view holds that the apostates had really been Muslim all along or that their conversions had been forced by the state or undertaken voluntarily as a matter of convenience. In Kefeli's view, this argument vastly oversimplifies the complexity of a region where many participated in the religious cultures of both Islam and Orthodox Christianity and where a vibrant Krashen community has survived to the present. By analyzing Russian, Eurasian, and Central Asian ethnographic, administrative, literary, and missionary sources, Kefeli shows how traditional education, with Sufi mystical components, helped to Islamize Finno-Ugric and Turkic peoples in the Kama-Volga countryside and set the stage for the development of modernist Islam in Russia.Of particular interest is Kefeli's emphasis on the role that Tatar women (both Krashen and Muslim) played as holders and transmitters of Sufi knowledge. Today, she notes, intellectuals and mullahs in Tatarstan seek to revive both Sufi and modernist traditions to counteract new expressions of Islam and promote a purely Tatar Islam aware of its specificity in a post-Christian and secular environment.

Islam --- Apostasy --- History. --- Islam. --- Christianity. --- Apostasy (Islam) --- Takfīr (Islam) --- Mohammedanism --- Muhammadanism --- Muslimism --- Mussulmanism --- Offenses against religion --- Heresy --- Kufr (Islam) --- Religions --- Muslims --- History --- islam --- russia --- islamic education --- tsarist russia's middle volga region --- Hadith --- Kazan --- Muhammad --- Sufism --- Tatars

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Seit zwei Jahrzehnten lässt sich eine irritierende Wiederkehr des Blasphemievorwurfs beobachten. Man denke etwa an den dänischen Karikaturenstreit oder den Terroranschlag auf Charlie Hebdo 2015 in Paris. Die entsprechenden politischen und juristischen Debatten betreffen gegenwärtig insbesondere Blasphemieparagraphen in den Rechtsordnungen. Doch das Phänomen der Blasphemie ist facettenreicher, als es dabei oft wahrgenommen wird. Denn "Blasphemie" ist kein objektiv vorliegender Tatbestand, sondern entspricht einem komplexen Deutungsmuster, das religionsspezifisch und interreligiös unterschiedliche Ausprägungen erfahren hat. Der vorliegende Sammelband reflektiert das Phänomen der Blasphemie in Geschichte und Gegenwart in einem multiperspektivischen Zugang. Die Thematik wird sowohl im Kontext von Judentum, Christentum, Islam, Hinduismus, Buddhismus als auch im Kontext von Jurisprudenz und Kunst aus der Sicht verschiedener Wissenschaftsdisziplinen analysiert.

Religion / Blasphemy, Heresy & Apostasy --- Religion --- Religion, Primitive --- Atheism --- Irreligion --- Religions --- Theology --- Gotteslästerung --- Religion und Recht --- Religionspolitik --- Religionsbeschimpfung --- Religionsfrieden --- Religion und Staat --- Systematische Theologie --- Religionssoziologie --- Kirchengeschichte --- Säkularität/Säkularismus --- Islamstudien --- Religionen Asiens --- Neues Testament --- Altes Testament --- Praktische Theologie

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This book reexamines the origins and growth of the medieval inquisition which provided a framework for the large-scale operations against religious dissidents. In the last quarter of the twelfth century, the papacy launched concerted efforts to hunt out heretics, mostly Cathars and Waldensians, and directed operations against them all across Latin Christendom. The bull of Pope Lucius III Ad abolendam of 1184 became a turning point in the formation of the inquisitorial system which made both the clergy and the laity responsible for suppressing any religious dissent. From a comparative perspective, the study analyzes political, social and religious developments which in the High Middle Ages gave birth to the mechanism of repression and religious violence supervised by the papacy and operated by bishops and, starting from the 1230s, papal inquisitors, extraordinary judges delegate staffed mostly by Dominican and Franciscan friars.

Inquisition. --- Europe --- History --- Inquisition --- Christian heresies --- Holy Office --- Autos-da-fé --- Catholic Church --- Discipline. --- Church history --- Church of Rome --- Roman Catholic Church --- Katholische Kirche --- Katolyt︠s︡ʹka t︠s︡erkva --- Römisch-Katholische Kirche --- Römische Kirche --- Ecclesia Catholica --- Eglise catholique --- Eglise catholique-romaine --- Katolicheskai︠a︡ t︠s︡erkovʹ --- Chiesa cattolica --- Iglesia Católica --- Kościół Katolicki --- Katolicki Kościół --- Kościół Rzymskokatolicki --- Nihon Katorikku Kyōkai --- Katholikē Ekklēsia --- Gereja Katolik --- Kenesiyah ha-Ḳatolit --- Kanisa Katoliki --- כנסיה הקתולית --- כנסייה הקתולית --- 가톨릭교 --- 천주교 --- Heresy --- Heresy trials --- Inquisitorial registers --- Kras --- Medieval Christendom --- Religious violence --- Religious studies --- Catholic Church. --- 600-1500 --- Katolicheskai͡a t͡serkovʹ --- Katolyt͡sʹka t͡serkva

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This volume brings together scholarship that discusses late-medieval religious controversy on a pan-European scale, with particular attention to developments in England, Bohemia, and at the general councils of the fifteenth century. Controversies such as those that developed in England and Bohemia have received ample attention for decades, and recent scholarship has introduced valuable perspectives and findings to our knowledge of these aspects of European religion, literature, history, and thought.Yet until recently, scholars working on these controversies have tended to work in regional isolation, a practice that has given rise to the impression that the controversies were more or less insular, their significance measured in terms of their local or regional influence. Europe After Wyclif was designed specifically to encourage analysis of cultural cross-currents—the ways in which regional controversies, while still products of their own environments and of local significance, were inseparable from cultural developments that were experienced internationally.

Wycliffe, John, --- Influence. --- Europe --- Church history --- 284.3 --- 284.3 Hussieten. Hus. Wycliff. Taborieten. Calixtenen. Utramquisten. Horebieten --- Hussieten. Hus. Wycliff. Taborieten. Calixtenen. Utramquisten. Horebieten --- Vicliffe, John, --- Viklef, Jan, --- Viklef, John, --- Viklif, Jan, --- Wickliffe, John, --- Wiclif, Johann von, --- Wiclif, John, --- Wicliffe, John, --- Wyclif, John, --- Wyclyf, John, --- Wykliffe, Johannes von, --- Influence (Literary, artistic, etc.). --- Bohemia. --- Hussites. --- Jan Hus. --- John Wyclif. --- Wycliffites. --- heresy. --- lollards. --- HISTORY / Medieval. --- Artistic impact --- Artistic influence --- Impact (Literary, artistic, etc.) --- Literary impact --- Literary influence --- Literary tradition --- Tradition (Literature) --- Art --- Influence (Psychology) --- Literature --- Intermediality --- Intertextuality --- Originality in literature --- Religion / Christian Theology / History --- Religion --- Religion, Primitive --- Atheism --- Irreligion --- Religions --- Theology